Trading

The trading menu in Java Edition.

The trading menu in Bedrock Edition.

The trading system is a gameplay mechanic that allows players to trade principally emeralds for items and vice versa with villagers and wandering traders.

A reference chart for trading and bartering as of Java Edition 1.21. Offers may differ in Bedrock Edition.

Mechanics

Pressing use on an adult villager with a profession, or on a wandering trader, opens a menu, allowing a player to trade with the villager or wandering trader. This action pauses any pathfinding the entity was doing and makes it face you. If the entity takes damage while trading, the trading menu closes. The same thing happens if they walk or are transported far enough away.

All transactions involve emeralds. Villagers buy or sell goods for emeralds, and wandering traders sell items for emeralds but do not buy items (unless the villager trade rebalance experiment is enabled). Trading is the only legitimate method of acquiring the globe banner pattern, woodland explorer maps, trial explorer maps and ocean explorer maps in Survival mode. It is also the only renewable way to obtain bells, diamond gear, lapis lazuli‌, bottles o' enchanting, glass, sand, red sand, coral blocks and small dripleaves.

Level

Villagers have five career levels that can be increased by trading with them. Each villager starts at the "novice" level. A villager's level can be seen in the trading menu. The badge they wear can also be identified: stone for a novice, iron for an apprentice, gold for a journeyman, emerald for an expert, and diamond for a master. Trading until the villager's trading bar gets full unlocks the next level of trades. When a player trades with a villager, both the villager and the player gain experience. All villager trades reward the player with 3–6 experience, plus an additional 5 experience if the villager levels up due to the trade. Trading with a wandering trader also rewards the player with some experience, although the trader does not have experience levels to gain. A villager levels up when its experience bar becomes full and gains up to two‌ or three‌ new trades, along with keeping their old ones. Additionally, a villager receives a Regeneration effect, and becomes surrounded by purple and green particles for ten seconds.

Trades from the Master level would still reward the villager with experience, but it has no actual effect as the villager can't level up any further.

Each badge is 2x3 pixels, except the Novice (stone) badge, which is 4x4 pixels.

Level	Badge	Name	Total villager experience required
1		Novice	0 / None / N/A
2		Apprentice	10
3		Journeyman	70
4		Expert	150
5		Master	250

In Java Edition, villagers have a maximum of 10 trades. Each level unlocks a maximum of two new trades. If a level has a pool of more than two trades, the two offered trades are chosen randomly from the set.

In Bedrock Edition, villagers have 7–10 trade slots. A slot with multiple possible trades will display only one trade; for example, farmer villagers have 4 potential trades in their first trade slot, so each trade has a ¹⁄₄ chance to be chosen.

A villager's profession dictates the trading pool used to determine its trades. For example, villagers wearing straw hats are farmers, so their trades are based on the Farmer trade pool. Each profession unlocks a pre-defined and finite set of offers. Different professions are assigned to each villager based on their job-site block. This profession is indicated by their appearance and in the trading interface. Novice villagers who have not traded can lose their profession and change back into unemployed villagers if their claimed job site block is removed. Removing and then replacing a job site block can alter the trades offered, and a villager with no experience resets its trades every so often. Once a player trades with a villager, the villager keeps its profession forever and subsequently locks in the offered trades.

Trades

Each trade can be used a maximum number of times, after which the villager runs out of stock and trade becomes disabled. The exact number is different for each item and referenced in the tables below. When villagers work at their job site blocks, they activate their offers again, up to twice per day. In Bedrock Edition, villagers need to be linked to a bed to restock their trades (it is not necessary for them to sleep, but require a bed nearby). When an offer is disabled, a red "X" appears in the trading interface in Java Edition, or the trading slot becomes red in Bedrock Edition, and the villager displays the same particle effect as an offer being created.

When buying items from players, villagers ignore additional item data; this allows, for example, selling renamed or enchanted items, as well as lodestone compasses instead of regular compasses in Java Edition. When the Villager Trade Rebalance experiment is enabled, taiga armorers can also accept damaged armor.

Sale prices

The price of an item rises and falls depending on three factors. Items with a high price multiplier (0.2) are affected by these changes more than items with a low multiplier (0.05). All price fluctuations affect only the first item involved in trade; for example, for an initial trade of 32 sticks for 1 emerald, the price might be driven down to 1 stick or up to 64 sticks for 1 emerald, but never for 2 emeralds. Additionally, no quantity can go lower than 1 or higher than the stack size.

The first factor is demand. An item that was sold out gets a price increase for all players when resupplied. If a player does not trade for a higher-priced item, the price is reduced the next time the villager resupplies. Demand is tracked per item, not per villager, so a villager can offer a higher-priced trade for a single item while other items are cheaper. Trades that have a price multiplier of 0 are not affected by demand.

The second way to affect prices is the Hero of the Village effect, which temporarily reduces prices for the affected player depending on the level of the effect.

Finally, players get personal discounts or penalties‌ based on their reputation with that particular villager. A positive reputation is gained by curing zombie villagers (the villager that was cured gives a permanent discount much larger than the temporary discount in nearby villagers). To cure a zombie villager, it must obtain the weakness effect, which can be done by a player, witch or dispenser splashing it with a splash potion, a lingering potion or a tipped arrow, and then feeding it a golden apple. The permanent discount is capped at one cure, while the temporary discount is capped at 8 cures. Players can also gain negative reputation by hitting or killing villagers, and positive reputation by trading. In Bedrock Edition, negative reputation can reduce or eliminate discounts but does not result in penalties.

Non-trading villagers

If the player attempts to trade with a non-trading villager in Java Edition, they grunt and bob their head, but if the player tries to do the same thing in Bedrock Edition, nothing happens.

Nitwit

A nitwit bobbing its head.‌

Nitwits are green-coated villagers. They cannot gain a profession.

While they can be used for breeding, it is not possible to get a baby nitwit by feeding the adult nitwits, even if using two nitwits as adults.

Unemployed villager

An unemployed villager bobbing its head.‌

Villagers without a job cannot trade. They only wear their biome outfits. An unemployed villager gains a profession by claiming an unclaimed job site block. For example, an unclaimed cartography table converts an unemployed villager into a cartographer when the villager claims it, and both the villager and the table emit green particles. An inaccessible (or destroyed) job site block causes the connected villager to lose its profession, but that does not affect the player's popularity in the village.

Trade offers

The villager pictured on the right is from the plains biome. To see villager professions dressed for other biomes, see Villagers § Professions.

In Java Edition, starting from Novice, at each level two additional trades become available, unless there is only one trade within that level. If there are more than two possible trades, two are randomly selected.

In Bedrock Edition, one trade is chosen randomly from each slot available.

Armorer

Job site block: Blast Furnace

An armorer.

Armorer
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	100%	40%	15 × Coal	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	25%	40%	5 × Emerald	Iron Helmet	12	High	1
		25%	40%	9 × Emerald	Iron Chestplate	12	High	1
		25%	40%	7 × Emerald	Iron Leggings	12	High	1
		25%	40%	4 × Emerald	Iron Boots	12	High	1
Apprentice	3	100%	50%	4 × Iron Ingot	Emerald	12	Low	10
	4	33%	50%	36 × Emerald	Bell	12	High	5
		33%	50%	3 × Emerald	Chainmail Leggings	12	High	5
		33%	50%	Emerald	Chainmail Boots	12	High	5
Journeyman	5	100%	40%	Lava Bucket	Emerald	12	Low	20
	6	100%	40%	Diamond	Emerald	12	Low	20
	7	33%	40%	Emerald	Chainmail Helmet	12	High	10
		33%	40%	4 × Emerald	Chainmail Chestplate	12	High	10
		33%	40%	5 × Emerald	Shield	12	High	10
Expert	8	50%	100%	19–33 × Emerald	Enchanted Diamond Leggings	3	High	15
		50%	100%	13–27 × Emerald	Enchanted Diamond Boots	3	High	15
Master	9	50%	100%	13–27 × Emerald	Enchanted Diamond Helmet	3	High	30
		50%	100%	21–35 × Emerald	Enchanted Diamond Chestplate	3	High	30

Butcher

Job site block: Smoker

A butcher.

Butcher
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	33%	50%	14 × Raw Chicken	Emerald	16	Low	2
		33%	50%	4 × Raw Rabbit	Emerald	16	Low	2
		33%	50%	7 × Raw Porkchop	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	100%	50%	Emerald	Rabbit Stew	12	Low	1
Apprentice	3	100%	67%	15 × Coal	Emerald	16	Low	2
	4	50%	67%	Emerald	8 × Cooked Chicken	16	Low	5
		50%	67%	Emerald	5 × Cooked Porkchop	16	Low	5
Journeyman	5	50%	100%	10 × Raw Beef	Emerald	16	Low	20
		50%	100%	7 × Raw Mutton	Emerald	16	Low	20
Expert	6	100%	100%	10 × Dried Kelp Block	Emerald	12	Low	30
Master	7	100%	100%	10 × Sweet Berries	Emerald	12	Low	30

Cartographer

Job site block: Cartography Table

A cartographer.

Cartographer
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	100%	100%	24 × Paper	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	100%	100%	7 × Emerald	Empty Map	12	Low	1
Apprentice	3	100%	100%	11 × Glass Pane	Emerald	16	Low	10
	4	100%	100%	13 × Emerald + Compass	Ocean Explorer Map	12	High	5
Journeyman	5	100%	67%	Compass	Emerald	12	Low	20
	6	100%	67%	14 × Emerald + Compass	Woodland Explorer Map	12	High	10
	7	100%	67%	12 × Emerald + Compass	Trial Explorer Map	12	High	10
Expert	8	100%	12%	7 × Emerald	Item Frame	12	Low	15
	9	100%	100%	3 × Emerald	Any color Banner	12	Low	15
Master	10	100%	100%	8 × Emerald	Globe Banner Pattern	12	Low	30

Cleric

Job site block: Brewing Stand

A cleric.

Cleric
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	100%	100%	32 × Rotten Flesh	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	100%	100%	Emerald	2 × Redstone Dust	12	Low	1
Apprentice	3	100%	100%	3 × Gold Ingot	Emerald	12	Low	10
	4	100%	100%	Emerald	Lapis Lazuli	12	Low	5
Journeyman	5	100%	100%	2 × Rabbit's Foot	Emerald	12	Low	20
	6	100%	100%	4 × Emerald	Glowstone	12	Low	10
Expert	7	50%	67%	4 × Turtle Scute	Emerald	12	Low	30
		50%	67%	9 × Glass Bottle	Emerald	12	Low	30
	8	100%	67%	5 × Emerald	Ender Pearl	12	Low	15
Master	9	100%	100%	22 × Nether Wart	Emerald	12	Low	30
	10	100%	100%	3 × Emerald	Bottle o' Enchanting	12	Low	30

Farmer

Job site block: Composter

A farmer.

Farmer
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	25%	40%	20 × Wheat	Emerald	16	Low	2
		25%	40%	26 × Potato	Emerald	16	Low	2
		25%	40%	22 × Carrot	Emerald	16	Low	2
		25%	40%	15 × Beetroot	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	100%	40%	Emerald	6 × Bread	16	Low	1
Apprentice	3	100%	67%	6 × Pumpkin	Emerald	12	Low	10
	4	50%	67%	Emerald	4 × Pumpkin Pie	12	Low	5
		50%	67%	Emerald	4 × Apple	16	Low	5
Journeyman	5	100%	100%	4 × Melon	Emerald	12	Low	20
	6	100%	100%	3 × Emerald	18 × Cookie	12	Low	10
Expert	7	17%	29%	Emerald	Suspicious Stew	12	Low	15
		17%	29%	Emerald	Suspicious Stew	12	Low	15
		17%	29%	Emerald	Suspicious Stew	12	Low	15
		17%	29%	Emerald	Suspicious Stew	12	Low	15
		17%	29%	Emerald	Suspicious Stew	12	Low	15
		17%	29%	Emerald	Suspicious Stew	12	Low	15
	8	100%	29%	Emerald	Cake	12	Low	15
Master	9	50%	100%	3 × Emerald	3 × Golden Carrot	12	Low	30
		50%	100%	4 × Emerald	3 × Glistering Melon Slice	12	Low	30

Fisherman

Job site block: Barrel

A fisherman.

Fisherman
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	50%	50%	20 × String	Emerald	16	Low	2
		50%	50%	10 × Coal	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	50%	50%	3 × Emerald	Bucket of Cod	16	Low	1
		50%	50%	6 × Raw Cod + Emerald	6 × Cooked Cod	16	Low	1
Apprentice	3	100%	67%	15 × Raw Cod	Emerald	16	Low	10
	4	50%	67%	2 × Emerald	Campfire	12	Low	5
		50%	67%	6 × Raw Salmon + Emerald	6 × Cooked Salmon	16	Low	5
Journeyman	5	100%	100%	13 × Raw Salmon	Emerald	16	Low	20
	6	100%	100%	8–22 × Emerald	Enchanted Fishing Rod	3	High	10
Expert	7	100%	100%	6 × Tropical Fish	Emerald	12	Low	30
Master	8	100%	100%	4 × Pufferfish	Emerald	12	Low	30
	9	100%	100%	Boat	Emerald	12	Low	30

Fletcher

Job site block: Fletching Table

A fletcher.

Fletcher
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	100%	67%	32 × Stick	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	50%	67%	Emerald	16 × Arrow	12	Low	1
		50%	67%	10 × Gravel + Emerald	10 × Flint	12	Low	1
Apprentice	3	100%	100%	26 × Flint	Emerald	12	Low	10
	4	100%	100%	2 × Emerald	Bow	12	Low	5
Journeyman	5	100%	100%	14 × String	Emerald	16	Low	20
	6	100%	100%	3 × Emerald	Crossbow	12	Low	10
Expert	7	100%	100%	24 × Feather	Emerald	16	Low	30
	8	100%	100%	7–21 × Emerald	Enchanted Bow	3	Low	15
Master	9	100%	67%	8 × Tripwire Hook	Emerald	12	Low	30
	10	50%	67%	8–22 × Emerald	Enchanted Crossbow	3	Low	15
		50%	67%	2 × Emerald + 5 × Arrow	5 × Tipped Arrow	12	Low	30

Leatherworker

Job site block: Cauldron

A leatherworker.

Leatherworker
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	100%	67%	6 × Leather	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	50%	67%	3 × Emerald	Leather Pants	12	High	1
		50%	67%	7 × Emerald	Leather Tunic	12	High	1
Apprentice	3	100%	67%	26 × Flint	Emerald	12	Low	10
	4	50%	67%	5 × Emerald	Leather Cap	12	High	5
		50%	67%	4 × Emerald	Leather Boots	12	High	5
Journeyman	5	100%	100%	9 × Rabbit Hide	Emerald	12	Low	20
	6	100%	100%	7 × Emerald	Leather Tunic	12	High	10
Expert	7	100%	100%	4 × Turtle Scute	Emerald	12	Low	30
	8	100%	100%	6 × Emerald	Leather Horse Armor	12	High	15
Master	9	50%	100%	5 × Emerald	Leather Cap	12	High	30
		50%	100%	6 × Emerald	Saddle	12	High	30

Librarian

Job site block: Lectern

A librarian.

Librarian
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	100%	67%	24 × Paper	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	50%	67%	9 × Emerald	Bookshelf	12	Low	1
		50%	67%	5–64 × Emerald + Book	Enchanted Book	12	High	1
Apprentice	3	100%	67%	4 × Book	Emerald	12	Low	10
	4	50%	67%	Emerald	Lantern	12	Low	5
		50%	67%	5–64 × Emerald + Book	Enchanted Book	12	High	5
Journeyman	5	100%	67%	5 × Ink Sac	Emerald	12	Low	20
	6	50%	67%	Emerald	4 × Glass	12	Low	10
		50%	67%	5–64 × Emerald + Book	Enchanted Book	12	High	10
Expert	7	100%	50%	Book and Quill + Book and Quill	Emerald	12	Low	30
	8	33%	50%	4 × Emerald	Compass	12	Low	15
		33%	50%	5 × Emerald	Clock	12	Low	15
		33%	50%	5–64 × Emerald + Book	Enchanted Book	12	High	15
Master	9	100%	100%	20 × Emerald	Name Tag	12	Low	30

Mason

Job site block: Stonecutter

A mason.

Mason
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	100%	100%	10 × Clay Ball	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	100%	100%	Emerald	10 × Brick	16	Low	1
Apprentice	3	100%	100%	20 × Stone	Emerald	16	Low	10
	4	100%	100%	Emerald	4 × Chiseled Stone Bricks	16	Low	5
Journeyman	5	33%	29%	16 × Granite	Emerald	16	Low	20
		33%	29%	16 × Andesite	Emerald	16	Low	20
		33%	29%	16 × Diorite	Emerald	16	Low	20
	6	25%	29%	Emerald	4 × Dripstone Block	16	Low	10
		25%	29%	Emerald	4 × Polished Andesite	16	Low	10
		25%	29%	Emerald	4 × Polished Diorite	16	Low	10
		25%	29%	Emerald	4 × Polished Granite	16	Low	10
Expert	7	100%	6%	12 × Nether Quartz	Emerald	12	Low	30
	8	50%	74%	Emerald	Any color Stained Terracotta	12	Low	15
		50%	74%	Emerald	Any color Glazed Terracotta	12	Low	15
Master	9	50%	100%	Emerald	Quartz Pillar	12	Low	30
		50%	100%	Emerald	Block of Quartz	12	Low	30

Shepherd

Job site block: Loom

A shepherd.

Shepherd
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	25%	40%	18 × White Wool	Emerald	16	Low	2
		25%	40%	18 × Brown Wool	Emerald	16	Low	2
		25%	40%	18 × Black Wool	Emerald	16	Low	2
		25%	40%	18 × Gray Wool	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	100%	40%	2 × Emerald	Shears	12	Low	1
Apprentice	3	20%	5%	12 × White Dye	Emerald	16	Low	10
		20%	5%	12 × Gray Dye	Emerald	16	Low	10
		20%	5%	12 × Black Dye	Emerald	16	Low	10
		20%	5%	12 × Light Blue Dye	Emerald	16	Low	10
		20%	5%	12 × Lime Dye	Emerald	16	Low	10
	4	50%	68%	Emerald	Any color Wool	16	Low	5
		50%	68%	Emerald	4 × Any color Carpet	16	Low	5
Journeyman	5	20%	10%	12 × Yellow Dye	Emerald	16	Low	20
		20%	10%	12 × Light Gray Dye	Emerald	16	Low	20
		20%	10%	12 × Orange Dye	Emerald	16	Low	20
		20%	10%	12 × Red Dye	Emerald	16	Low	20
		20%	10%	12 × Pink Dye	Emerald	16	Low	20
	6	100%	95%	3 × Emerald	Any color Bed	12	Low	10
Expert	7	17%	9%	12 × Brown Dye	Emerald	16	Low	30
		17%	9%	12 × Purple Dye	Emerald	16	Low	30
		17%	9%	12 × Blue Dye	Emerald	16	Low	30
		17%	9%	12 × Green Dye	Emerald	16	Low	30
		17%	9%	12 × Magenta Dye	Emerald	16	Low	30
		17%	9%	12 × Cyan Dye	Emerald	16	Low	30
	8	100%	94%	3 × Emerald	Any color Banner	12	Low	15
Master	9	100%	100%	2 × Emerald	3 × Painting	12	Low	30

Toolsmith

Job site block: Smithing Table

A toolsmith.

Toolsmith
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	100%	40%	15 × Coal	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	25%	40%	Emerald	Stone Axe	12	High	1
		25%	40%	Emerald	Stone Shovel	12	High	1
		25%	40%	Emerald	Stone Pickaxe	12	High	1
		25%	40%	Emerald	Stone Hoe	12	High	1
Apprentice	3	100%	100%	4 × Iron Ingot	Emerald	12	Low	10
	4	100%	100%	36 × Emerald	Bell	12	High	5
Journeyman	5	100%	40%	30 × Flint	Emerald	12	Low	20
	6	25%	40%	6–20 × Emerald	Enchanted Iron Axe	3	High	10
		25%	40%	7–21 × Emerald	Enchanted Iron Shovel	3	High	10
		25%	40%	8–22 × Emerald	Enchanted Iron Pickaxe	3	High	10
		25%	40%	4 × Emerald	Diamond Hoe	3	High	10
Expert	7	100%	67%	Diamond	Emerald	12	Low	30
	8	50%	67%	17–31 × Emerald	Enchanted Diamond Axe	3	High	15
		50%	67%	10–24 × Emerald	Enchanted Diamond Shovel	3	High	15
Master	9	100%	100%	18–32 × Emerald	Enchanted Diamond Pickaxe	3	High	30

Weaponsmith

Job site block: Grindstone

A weaponsmith.

Weaponsmith
Level	Bedrock Edition		Java Edition	Item wanted	Item given	Trades in stock	Price multiplier	Villager XP
	Slot	Probability	Probability
Novice	1	100%	67%	15 × Coal	Emerald	16	Low	2
	2	100%	67%	3 × Emerald	Iron Axe	12	High	1
	3	100%	67%	7–21 × Emerald	Enchanted Iron Sword	3	Low	1
Apprentice	4	100%	100%	4 × Iron Ingot	Emerald	12	Low	10
	5	100%	100%	36 × Emerald	Bell	12	High	5
Journeyman	6	100%	100%	24 × Flint	Emerald	12	Low	20
Expert	7	100%	100%	Diamond	Emerald	12	Low	30
	8	100%	100%	17–31 × Emerald	Enchanted Diamond Axe	3	High	15
Master	9	100%	100%	13–27 × Emerald	Enchanted Diamond Sword	3	High	30

Wandering trader sales

Wandering Trader

If the villager trade rebalance experiment is disabled, the wandering trader does not buy items in exchange for emeralds – it only sells items, using emeralds as a currency. Therefore, the following tables' leftmost column is how many emeralds the player needs to give to receive the items listed in the middle column of the table.

Java Edition sales

The wandering trader offers six trades in total: five random ordinary trades and one special trade. The five random trades are chosen from the list below.

Price	Item	Trades until disabled
1	Allium	12
	Azure Bluet	12
	Blue Orchid	8
	Cornflower	12
	Dandelion	12
	Lily of the Valley	7
	Orange Tulip	12
	Oxeye Daisy	12
	Pink Tulip	12
	Poppy	12
	Red Tulip	12
	White Tulip	12
	Open Eyeblossom	7
	Fern	12
	Brown Mushroom	12
	Red Mushroom	12
	Beetroot Seeds	12
	Melon Seeds	12
	Pumpkin Seeds	12
	Wheat Seeds	12
	Pumpkin	4
	Sugar Cane	8
	Vines	12
	Pale Hanging Moss	12
	Lily Pad (×2)	5
	Moss Block (×2)	5
	Pale Moss Block (×2)	10
	Pointed Dripstone (×2)	5
	Rooted Dirt (×2)	5
	Small Dripleaf (×2)	5
	Any color dye (×3)	12
	Red Sand (×4)	6
	Sand (×8)	8
2	Glowstone	5
	Sea Pickle	5
3	Cactus	8
	Brain Coral Block	8
	Bubble Coral Block	8
	Fire Coral Block	8
	Horn Coral Block	8
	Tube Coral Block	8
	Kelp	12
4	Slimeball	5
5	Acacia Sapling	8
	Birch Sapling	8
	Dark Oak Sapling	8
	Jungle Sapling	8
	Oak Sapling	8
	Spruce Sapling	8
	Mangrove Propagule	8
	Cherry Sapling	8
	Pale Oak Sapling	8
	Nautilus Shell	5

The one random special trade is chosen from the list below. It is always the wandering trader's final trade offer.

Price	Items	Trades until disabled
1	Gunpowder	8
3	Podzol (×3)	6
	Packed Ice	6
5	Bucket of Pufferfish	4
	Bucket of Tropical Fish	4
6	Blue Ice	6

Villager Trade Rebalance

The wandering trader offers nine trades in total: two random trades from purchasing table, two random trades from special selling table, and five random trades from ordinary trades table.

[show]Purchasing table
Item wanted	Quantity	Price	Trades until disabled
Water Bottle	1	1	1
Water Bucket	1	2	1
Milk Bucket	1	2	1
Fermented Spider Eye	1	3	1
Baked Potato	4	1	1
Hay Bale	1	1	1

[show]Selling table (special)
Price	Item	Count	Trades until disabled
1	Packed Ice	1	6
	Gunpowder	4	2
	Log	8	4
3	Podzol	3	6
5	Potion of Invisibility Duration: 8:00	1	1
6	Blue Ice	1	6
6-20	Enchanted Iron Pickaxe	1	1

Bedrock Edition sales

In Bedrock Edition, wandering traders offers 6 random trades. Their trades are unaffected by demand.

Five of the random trades are shown in the table below:

Price	Regular offer	Single offer		Trades until disabled
		Items	Weight
1	Fern Vines Dandelion Poppy Blue Orchid Allium Azure Bluet Red Tulip Orange Tulip Pink Tulip White Tulip Oxeye Daisy Cornflower Wheat Seeds Beetroot Seeds Pumpkin Seeds Melon Seeds Cocoa Beans (x3)	Wheat Seeds Beetroot Seeds Pumpkin Seeds Melon Seeds	4	12
		Red Dye (×3) Yellow Dye (×3) Orange Dye (×3) Lime Dye (×3) Green Dye (×3) Cyan Dye (×3) Light Blue Dye (×3) Purple Dye (×3) Magenta Dye (×3) Pink Dye (×3) Gray Dye (×3) Light Gray Dye (×3) Blue Dye (x3) Brown Dye (x3) White Dye (x3) Black Dye (x3)	16
		Brown Mushroom Red Mushroom	2
	Sugar Cane Sand (×8)	–		8
	Lily of the Valley			7
	Red Sand (×4)			6
	Lily Pad (×2) Pointed Dripstone (x2) Moss Block (x2) Rooted Dirt (x2) Small Dripleaf (x2)			5
	Pumpkin			4
2	Sea Pickle			5
	Glowstone
3	Kelp			12
	Cactus	Brain Coral Block Bubble Coral Block Fire Coral Block Horn Coral Block Tube Coral Block	5	8
4	Slimeball	–		5
5	–	Saplings	7	8
	Nautilus Shell	–		5

The other random trade is shown below (these items are chosen for each wandering trader and always offered but only one of them):

Price	Items	Trades until disabled
1	Gunpowder	8
3	Podzol (×3) Packed Ice	6
5	Bucket of Pufferfish Bucket of Tropical Fish	4
6	Blue Ice	6

Achievements

[hide]
Icon		Achievement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)	Gamerscore earned	Trophy type (PS)
PS4	Other
		Buy Low, Sell High	Trade for the best possible price.	Buy something for 1 emerald, or when the Hero of the Village effect is applied.	50	Gold
		Master Trader	Trade for 1,000 emeralds.	Obtain 1,000 emeralds from trading with villagers.	30	Silver
		Star trader	Trade with a villager at the build height limit.	—	20	Silver
		The Haggler	Acquire or spend 30 Emeralds by trading with villagers or with wandering trader. [sic]	—	30	Silver
		Treasure Hunter	Acquire a map from a cartographer villager, then enter the revealed structure	Visit the structure indicated while the purchased map is in your main hand (hotbar).	40	Silver

Advancements

Icon	Advancement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)
	Cover Me with Diamonds	Diamond armor saves lives	Have any type of diamond armor in the inventory.
	Getting an Upgrade	Construct a better Pickaxe	Have a stone pickaxe in the inventory.
	Isn't It Iron Pick	Upgrade your Pickaxe	Have an iron pickaxe in the inventory.
	Star Trader	Trade with a Villager at the build height limit	Stand on any block that is higher than 318 and trade with a villager or wandering trader.
	Suit Up	Protect yourself with a piece of iron armor	Have any type of iron armor in the inventory.
	What a Deal!	Successfully trade with a Villager	Take an item from a villager or wandering trader's trading output slot.

Video

Note: This Video is from Java Edition 1.5, so Trading/Before 1.8 appears.

History

[hide]Java Edition Beta
August 31, 2010							The first time Notch hinted at plans for a possible future trading system was in an interview during MinecraftCon. The implementation of villages themselves and their inhabitants wasn't even confirmed at this point, but Notch still had a couple of ideas: "If you treat the villagers well, they become friendly to you and might start throwing things at you as gifts. If you treat them badly though by attacking and killing them they hate you and might chase you." Notch also mentioned a meter of how much "villagers like you."
[hide]Java Edition
May 21, 2012							Jeb released a screenshot of himself testing the trading system. The image showed buying and selling areas.
							An ore block can be seen in the background later revealed in snapshot 12w21a to be ruby ore, it was changed to emerald ore before 12w21a because Dinnerbone is colorblind.
1.3.1			12w21a				Added villager trading.
			12w22a				Eyes of ender are now sold by priests instead of bought, and rotten flesh is no longer bought.
							The trading UI has been changed where an extra input space has been added where tools can be placed for buying enchantments and/or repair.
			12w23a				Before this snapshot, the librarian defaulted to written books instead of gold ingots, since the written books had a potential offer of 1.3.
1.4.2			12w32a				The librarian's paper offer was adjusted to 24–35 paper per emerald from 19-29 paper
							The farmer's arrow offer was fixed to sell 9-12 arrows from only 5 before. The original 1 emerald for 5 arrows trade was a result of a bug in the code where the minimum and maximum values of the arrow trade were swapped.
							The librarian's buy book offer was adjusted to 11-12 books from 12-14.
							The farmer's gravel to flint trade now produces 4-5 flint from 2-3.
							The offer probability mechanic was changed: as more offers exist for a villager, the probability of all offers rise. When an offer's probability goes beyond a certain limit, its probability goes down. The net effect is that rarer offers become more common when a villager has many offers, and common offers become rarer.
							The offer removal mechanic has been replaced with an offer disabling mechanic.
							All offers begin with 7 uses, allowing the offer to be traded up to seven times.
							After this, even if the player has not left the trading menu, the offer is disabled.
							If a player trades the last offer on the list and closes the menu, waiting for particles to appear around the villager, all disabled offers are renewed with 2–12 additional uses added to them.
							It is possible for the final offer slot to be disabled, at which point no new offers can be generated and no existing offers can be renewed.
							Trading with the last offer slot available increases the player's popularity with the village by one point. Popularity applies to the village as a whole; other players are not affected.
1.4.6			12w50a				Librarians now can sell enchanted books.
1.5			13w04a				A villager spawned from a renamed spawn egg shows its name in the trading interface in place of "Villager".
1.8			14w02a				Villager trading has been revamped. See here for offers before 1.8.
							Trading now gives the player experience.
			14w03a				Clerics no longer buy ender pearls, as they did in 14w02a.
			14w31a				Clerics now can sell bottles o' enchanting, prices range from 3 to 11 emeralds each.
1.9			15w41a				Clerics no longer sell eyes of ender.
							Clerics now can sell ender pearls. Prices range from 4 to 7 emeralds each.
			15w43a				Librarians charge double for books with treasure enchantments.
1.11			16w33a				Farmers now sell 5 to 7 apples and 6 to 10 cookies for an emerald instead of just 5 and 6 respectively.
			16w39a				Added new trades through the cartographer career.
1.14			19w05a				Added wandering traders, which can trade with the player.
			19w11a				Revamped the trading system, adding many new trades for each villager profession.
							Villager profession now depends on their job site block, rather than randomly assigned at birth.
							Villager trading prices now depend on the player's popularity in the village.
							Villagers now resupply their trades up to two times a day, if they get to work at a job site block.
							Added the mason profession, which uses a stonecutter as a job site block.
							The trading UI has been updated.
							The villager now gains experience as it trades with the player, and the experience is visible in a bar on top of the trading UI.
			19w13b				All available trades are now listed in a sidebar on the left of the trading interface.
							When the player has the required materials, clicking on an available trade puts the items into the slots automatically.
1.15			19w45a				Librarians now sell one bookshelf for nine emeralds, instead of three bookshelves for six emeralds.
1.17			21w05a				Wandering traders now can sell small dripleaf.
			21w13a				Wandering traders now can sell pointed dripstone, rooted dirt and moss block.
							Masons now can sell dripstone blocks.
1.19			22w15a				Wandering traders now can sell mangrove propagules.
1.19.4 Experiment Update 1.20			23w07a				Wandering traders now can sell cherry saplings.
1.20.2			23w31a				A villager now only gives a big discount the first time it is cured from a zombie villager. There are no longer multiple stacked discounts if a villager is zombified and cured multiple times.
							Existing villagers with multiple curing discounts keep their lowered prices when updated to this snapshot.
			1.20.2 Pre-release 1				When villagers unlock new trades, the order of those trades in the UI is now always random instead of sometimes being deterministic.
1.20.2 Experiment Villager Trade Rebalance			23w31a				Librarians from different biomes now sell different enchanted books.
							Each village biome has one special enchantment that is only available from master-level librarians, and players must visit all seven village biomes to get all the enchanted books available from trading.
							Some enchanted book trades are exclusive to jungle and swamp villagers, which do not spawn naturally, unless villagers are brought to and bred in jungle and swamp biomes.
							Enchantments for tridents, crossbows and fishing rods are no longer obtainable from trading, and must be acquired by other means.
							Wandering traders now sell more items, and buy certain items from the player.
							Some of the existing trades from wandering traders have reduced prices.
			1.20.2 Pre-release 1				Added seven new maps which cartographers can sell.
							Buying diamond armor from armorers now also requires a small amount of diamonds.
							Most master-level armorers buy iron blocks and pay 4 emeralds for them.
							Chainmail armor is exclusively sold by jungle and swamp armorers.
							The savanna armorer sells cursed diamond armor at reduced prices.
							The taiga armorer can swap one piece of diamond armor for another.
1.20.5 Experiment Villager Trade Rebalance			24w03a				Villagers who buy armor now ignore durability and can buy damaged armor.
1.20.5 Experiment Update 1.21			24w12a				Added the trial chambers maps, sold by journeyman-level cartographers.
[hide]Pocket Edition
1.0.4			alpha 1.0.4.0				Added villager trading.
1.1.0			alpha 1.1.0.3				Added new trades through the cartographer career.
[hide]Bedrock Edition
1.2.13			beta 1.2.13.5				Added Curse of Binding and Curse of Vanishing enchantments, which at this time can be obtained only via trading with librarians.
1.4.0			beta 1.2.20.2				Removed the curse enchantments in enchanted books from librarian trading.
1.10.0			beta 1.10.0.3				Added new trades through the stone mason villager profession and wandering trader.
1.11.0			beta 1.11.0.1				Added economic trades, where players can unlock multiple tiers at once by leveling up villagers.
							Villagers now have a demand in which their emerald cost can change higher or lower than usual.
			beta 1.11.0.4				Changed trading for villagers.
							Villager no longer instantly resupply their trades when disabled, as now they need to work at a job site block to resupply themselves.
							Hero of the Village now gives a trading price discount, except for one emerald trades (as it already costs one emerald).
			beta 1.11.0.7				Pressing use on a trade now auto-trades items.
							Reverted cake trade from farmer villagers, increased max amount of some trade until disabled for master level stone mason and wandering trader.
1.12.0			beta 1.12.0.3				Changed some trades for both villager and wandering trader.
			beta 1.12.0.4				Removed regular sand from the wandering trader trades and adjusted the cost of a diamond hoe on the toolsmith.
1.13.0			beta 1.13.0.1				Cartographer villager now buy 11 glass panes, rather than 10.
			beta 1.13.0.15				Farmer villagers now sell suspicious stew.
1.16.0			beta 1.16.0.57				Villager trade values have been changed to closely match Java Edition.
			?				Enchanted items now cost in a range.
1.17.0			beta 1.16.230.54				Wandering traders can sell small dripleaf, pointed dripstone, rooted dirt, and moss blocks.
							Stone masons can now sell dripstone blocks.
1.18.10			beta 1.18.10.26				Butcher, cartographer, librarian, and wandering trader trades have been changed to match Java Edition.
1.18.30			beta 1.18.20.21				Armorer, cleric, fisherman, shepherd, toolsmith, and weaponsmith villager trades have been changed to match Java Edition.
1.20.30 Experiment Villager Trade Rebalancing			Preview 1.20.30.20				Librarians from different biomes now sell different enchanted books.
							Librarians now sell, as their only master-level trade, enchanted books with a special enchantment that depends on the biome they spawned in (as shown by their garments). This is the only way to obtain these enchantments via trading.
							Since jungle and swamp villagers do not spawn naturally, the only way to obtain the special enchanted books from these librarians is to bring in villagers from outside, get them to mate, and arrange for their babies to become librarians.
							Enchantments for tridents, crossbows and fishing rods are no longer obtainable from trading, and must be acquired by other means.
							Wandering traders now sell more items, and buy certain items from the player.
							Some of the existing trades from wandering traders have reduced prices.
1.20.80 Experiment Update 1.21			Preview 1.20.80.23				Added the trial chambers maps, sold by journeyman-level cartographers.
[hide]Legacy Console Edition
Xbox 360	Xbox One	PS3	PS4	PS Vita	Wii U	Switch
TU14	CU1	1.04	1.00	1.00	Patch 1	1.0.1	Added villager trading.
TU20	CU8	1.13	1.13	1.13			Librarian villagers now may offer name tags for sale.
TU31	CU19	1.22	1.22	1.22	Patch 3		Changed villager trades to offers as of Java Edition 1.8.
TU46	CU36	1.38	1.38	1.38	Patch 15		Clerics no longer sell eyes of ender.
							Clerics now sell ender pearls. Prices range from 4 to 7 emeralds each.
							Librarians charge double for books with treasure enchantments.
TU54	CU44	1.52	1.52	1.52	Patch 24	1.0.4	Farmers now sell 5 to 7 apples and 6 to 10 cookies for an emerald instead of just 5 and 6 respectively.
							Added new trades through the cartographer career.
			1.91				The trading interface shows the new career level for villagers and which trades are locked.
							Villager trading prices now depend on the player's popularity in the village.
							Villagers now resupply their trades up to two times a day, if they get to work at a job site block.
							Added new trades through the stone mason villager profession and wandering trader.
			1.95				Stone mason villagers now sell 4 chiseled stone bricks for 1 emerald instead of 1 for 20 emeralds.
							Stone mason villagers now sell 12 glazed terracotta for 1 emerald instead of buying it.

Issues

Issues relating to "Trading", "Trades", or "Trade system" are maintained on the bug tracker. Issues should be reported and viewed there.

Trivia

• While diamonds are not renewable, their products (armor, tools, and weapons) are renewable via trading.

Gallery

Renders

• 

  An unemployed villager refuses a player trying to trade.

• 

  A nitwit villager refuses a player trying to trade.

• 

  A Villager presenting the emeralds.

Screenshots

• 

  The trading menu before Bedrock Edition 1.11.0.

• 

  Trading options of a master-level weaponsmith.

Development images

• 

  The first image of the trading system released by Jeb. The currency item (later updated to the emerald) can be seen in the inventory.

• 

  An enhanced version of Jeb's screenshot showing the original ore texture more clearly.